Chronic Cough Due to Statins

Statin drugs (simvastatin for example) are commonly used to treat high cholesterol and have many known side effects... but here's another. Statins are now believed to potentially cause a chronic dry cough according to a recent report!

This chronic cough side effect is common in other types of medications such as ACE-Inhibitors (lisinopril) and angiotensin receptor blockers (losartan) to treat high blood pressure.

Statins were not previously known to cause a chronic dry cough.

Reference:
Chronic cough as a complication of treatment with statins: a case report. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2012 Jul 3. [Epub ahead of print]

FDA Approves New "Dry" Steroid Nasal Spray

On March 26, 2012, the FDA approved of a new type of steroid nasal spray in the treatment of nasal allergies that puffs powder into the nose rather than a liquid. Liquid formulations such as nasonex, flonase, veramyst, nasacort, and rhinocort has been until now the only delivery medium of administration.

This new spray made by Teva Pharmaceuticals is called QNASL which puffs a steroid beclomethasone dipropionate. For those who know pharmaceuticals, it is the same active ingredient as (liquid) beconase nasal spray.

Just like the other nasal sprays, administration is 2 puffs (sprays) in each nares daily.

This spray does pretty much the same thing (and has similar side effects) as the other established nasal sprays. However, QNASL may be better tolerated in those patients who HATE the drip down the back of the nose after liquid nasal spray use.

Drug should be available for prescription starting in April 2012.

Source:
Teva Announces FDA Approval of QNASLTM (beclomethasone dipropionate), a New Nonaqueous Nasal Aerosol, for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis. Teva Pharma 3/26/12

Shape of Human Nose Influenced by Climate

The basic function of the human nose is to warm and humidify the air before it reaches the lungs. Because of the wide variation of human habitats from the polar cold and dry air to the equatorial hot and humid weather, one would expect the nose to accommodate to these climate extremes accordingly thru evolutionary pressures.

In essence, logically one would expect the nose to change shape to enhance time that air is in contact with the warm and moist nasal interior in cold and dry climates compared to the opposite environmental extreme.

German scientists evaluated this hypothesis thru 3D modeling of 100 skulls to analyze the shape of the bony nasal cavity of 10 modern human groups living in five different climates and found that the bony nasal cavity appears mostly associated with temperature effects and the nasopharynx with humidity.

Humans living in cold, dry climates tended to have nasal cavities relatively high and long with an abrupt narrowing in the upper nasal cavity than those living in hot, humid climates. Such characteristics enhance contact between the air and the nasal mucosal tissue that helps to warm and humidify that air.

What does such a nose look from the outside? A narrow, longer internal nasal cavity is generally linked to a relatively narrower and more projected nose.

Read a magazine article about this research.

Reference:
Climate-related variation of the human nasal cavity. American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Volume 145, Issue 4, pages 599–614, August 2011